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Derinkuyu Underground City In Cappadocia, Turkey: Visitors Guide

Derinkuyu Underground City In Cappadocia, Turkey: Visitors Guide

The Derinkuyu Underground City cave system is one of the most remarkable things to see in Cappadocia. Walk down through more than five levels of the cave system, which once housed over 20,000 people and their livestock! It’s one of the must-visit attractions while exploring the Cappadocia region of Turkey.

DERINKUYU UNDERGROUND CITY

In this blog post about the Derinkuyu Underground City, I will share everything you need to know about visiting this amazing tourist site in Cappadocia, Turkey

HOW TO GET TO DERINKUYU UNDERGROUND CITY CAVES

Most people visiting Cappadocia will stay in Goreme or Uchisar, both of which are quite far from Derinkuyu Underground City. We decided to rent a small car for the day, which cost us $40 USD plus gasoline. This way we could visit Derinkuyu Underground city, which was a 40-minute drive from Goreme and Ihlara Valley is an 80-minute drive from Goreme.

If you are keen to see amazing architecture and cave dwellings from this era but don’t want the big drive to Ilhara you can visit Goreme Open-Air Museum or Zelve Open-Air Musem, which are both near Goreme.

BEST RENTAL CAR COMPANY IN TURKEY

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When you book your Turkey Rental Car online, I personally recommend and always use Discover Cars. They search for both local and international companies, so you get the best deal!

DERINKUYU UNDERGROUND CITY TOURS

The Green Tour in Cappadocia is a pretty awesome day out and includes a short trek in Ihlara Valley and a visit to Derinkuyu Underground City.

  • Visit the Derinkuyu Underground City, the largest underground city in Turkey and the deepest in Cappadocia
  • Explore Ihlara Valley, a picturesque destination that begins in Ihlara Village and ends in the Selime Monastery
  • Witness hundreds of churches carved into the walls of the gorge, which date from the 7th to 11th centuries
  • Drive to Pigeon Valley, filled with pigeon houses and dovecotes, and enjoy great panoramic views of the city

Click Here to see the rates and availability of this tour on the booking website.

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Underground City & Ihlara Tour

  • Unique rock formations
  • Traditions
  • Stunning views of the chimneys

I’ve added the calendar below that shows the Derinkuyu Underground City Tour availability. Hopefully, your desired dates are available!

HOW WAS DERINKUYU UNDERGROUND CITY DISCOVERED

Derinkuyu Underground City was a secret for a long time! It wasn’t until a local man in the Nevsehir Province decided to do renovations to his home that the ancient city was discovered. After knocking down a wall he discovered a strange room and continued to dig further, exposing an intricate tunnel system with a series of cave rooms. Little did he know it at the time but he had discovered the ancient underground city of Derinkuyu, which was once home to more than 20,000 people.

DERINKUYU UNDERGROUND CITY HISTORY

On a 1000m-high plateau in the region of Cappadocia lies the region of Anatolia. Rich in volcanic history, it was covered in ash millions of years ago, which created lava domes and pyramids, which are still evident today. The erosion of the lower sedimentary rock has caused the rock formations or earth pillars we can see today.

This softer rock made it possible for the Hittites of Cappadocia to easily carve out caves and tunnels thousands of years ago. They began by carving out storage rooms and underground food storage. By keeping their food and valuables underneath the ground in storage lockers, they prevented the weather extremes from impacting their goods and food.

Their expertise in underground tunneling would prove valuable for the Hittites when they were able to use their tunnels to hide from the Phrygian raids. The tunnels served the Hittites from the 15th to 12th century BCE according to estimates.

Other suggested dates discuss the possibility of the tunnels being built in the 8th and 7th century BCE by the Phrygians. This theory is backed up by the reputation of the Phrygian architects who were well-known for their complex construction abilities and prior projects. This has often led to the Phrygians being credited with creating the tunnels and the underground city of Derinkuyu.

Archaeologists hold a strong belief that there could be hundreds of underground cities in Cappadocia, although to date only six have been excavated. The underground city of Derinkuyu is not the oldest or, in fact, the largest but it has gained popularity because it is one of the deepest.

THE 3 MOST POPULAR CAPPADOCIA TOURS

CHOOSING TO VISIT DERINKUYU OR KAYMAKLY UNDERGROUND CITY

The general consensus from travelers is that you really cannot go wrong. Both underground cities are incredible and give you a great insight into life underground.

Kaymakli is smaller and housed up to 6,000 people while Derinkuyu housed up to 20,000 but this doesn’t matter so much as only 10% of Derinkuyu Underground City has been excavated. 

The major difference between the two sites is that Kaymakli has lower roofs and is smaller in general so it can be quite claustrophobic. Derinkuyu has higher ceilings and is a bit more open in general, although there were still many moments we had to crouch for extended periods of time as we walked through alleys and tunnels. Derinkuyu and Kaymakli are actually linked by a 3-mile underground tunnel although it is no longer accessible because it has collapsed.

DERINKUYU UNDERGROUND CITY ENTRANCE FEE

Derinkuyu Underground City entrance fee is 35 Turkish Lyra for internationals, which is about $6 USD, making it one of the most expensive ticket attractions in Cappadocia. It was opened to visitors in 1969, although even today only 10% of the underground city is accessible to visitors.

The opening hours are 8 am – 7 pm in the summer and 8 am to 5 pm in the winter.

A guided tour is recommended as there are no signs are information stands available once inside the caves so it is quite important to receive context in each room as to what purpose it served, which is only possible with a tour guide.

MY EXPERIENCE AT DERINKUYU UNDERGROUND CITY CAVES IN CAPPADOCIA

We began the day driving from Goreme to Derinkuyu. It took about 40 minutes to complete the very scenic drive. The site was actually quite busy with at least a hundred or more people outside and milling into the caves.

I wasn’t quite sure what to expect as we entered the first cave entrance but it was honestly quite incredible. As soon as we were inside, you can’t help but imagine what it felt like centuries ago to live inside these stone tunnels.

A labyrinth of alleys, tunnels, and secret rooms was used for storage, livestock, sleeping, and cooking. Derinkuyu Underground City is the deepest of the discovered cities in Cappadocia with eight floors reaching up to 280 ft in depth. Experts think it could actually be 18 floors deep!

The tunnels were quite narrow and often not tall enough to stand upright. This wasn’t a design flaw but actually, a defense mechanism to ensure invaders had to enter crouched over and in a single file, making it much easier to defend against.

I think the most interesting part was the ventilation shafts and how you could manage to deal with sewage, ventilation, and other logistical issues when 20,000 people are living in underground tunnels.

The experience was very interesting and I highly suggest visiting Derinkuyu Underground City to gain an insight into this unique historical way of life in Cappadocia.

WHERE TO STAY IN GOREME, CAPPADOCIA

Where I stayed: Design Cave Suites Cappadocia – I was lucky enough to stay at the Design Cave Suites in Goreme. The location was great and I walked to all attractions. The rooftop garden was awesome for sunrise balloon watching. The buffet breakfast spread was amazing as were the cave-style room designs.

Best Cave Hotel with Pool: Local Cave House Hotel– This cave hotel rose to fame because of its incredible pool. Make sure you click the link and check out how epic the pool backdrop is, with those classic Cappadocia rock formations in the background and traditional cave rooms it is a top pick.

Cave Hotel with Best Roof View (and dogs): Sultan Cave SuitesThis cave hotel became famous because of its epic rooftop area for sunrise viewing. Guests can lay out on traditional pillows and carpets while watching the hot-air balloons flying above. The hotel dog might also join you for a photoshoot on the roof!

HAVE YOU CHECKED OUT THE REST OF MY CAPPADOCIA BLOG POSTS?

Click on one of the articles below to check out all of the places you should visit while in Cappadocia!

The big guide! This post has all of my favorite activities, which I personally did while in Cappadocia for ten days: 24 AWESOME THINGS TO DO IN CAPPADOCIA

The hiking guide! Find out about all of the best hikes in Cappadocia with details, directions and lots of photos: 8 AWESOME HIKES IN CAPPADOCIA

Thinking about flying in a hot air balloon in Cappadocia? Read this first: CAPPADOCIA HOT AIR BALLOONS: THINGS TO KNOW BEFORE YOU FLY

Have you heard about the castles in Cappadocia? Check these out:

THE UCHISAR CASTLE VIEWPOINT

ORTAHISAR CASTLE VIEWPOINT

CAVUSIN CHURCH, VALLEY & CASTLE

Not sure where is the best region to stay? Wondering which hotel provides the best value? Check out this guide that will help you decide: WHERE TO STAY IN CAPPADOCIA: THE BEST HOTELS & HOSTELS

OR… I write a post about the 12 BEST CAVE HOTELS IN CAPPADOCIA that you might find interesting.

I’ve written a blog post for almost all of the places I’ve visited while in Cappadocia. You can find every single one of these articles right here: CAPPADOCIA ARCHIVES